Analisis Perubahan Garis Pantai Pasca Restorasi Mangrove di Kawasan Pesisir Pasir Sakti, Lampung Timur
Analysis of Coastline Changes after Mangrove Restoration in The Pasir Sakti Coastal Area, East Lampung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62703/jhi.v7i1.140Keywords:
garis pantai, restorasi mangrove, abrasi, akresi, dsasAbstract
Kawasan pesisir Pasir Sakti, Lampung Timur, merupakan wilayah yang rentan terhadap perubahan garis pantai akibat abrasi dan akresi. Faktor utama yang memengaruhi perubahan ini meliputi aktivitas hidrodinamika laut, dampak manusia, serta perubahan iklim. Penurunan luas hutan mangrove sejak 1980-an mengakibatkan tingginya tingkat abrasi, yang mengancam kelestarian ekosistem pesisir serta aktivitas masyarakat lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan garis pantai selama periode 2003–2022 menggunakan metode Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) dengan indikator Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) dan End Point Rate (EPR). Analisis perubahan luasan mangrove dilakukan menggunakan citra satelit Landsat melalui perhitungan indeks NDVI. Uji korelasi Spearman digunakan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara perubahan luasan mangrove dan dinamika garis pantai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum restorasi, garis pantai didominasi oleh abrasi dengan rata-rata NSM sebesar −65,128 m pada 2003–2004. Setelah restorasi, khususnya pada periode 2015–2022, akresi mulai mendominasi dengan rata-rata NSM mencapai +496,682 m. Luasan mangrove meningkat signifikan dari 27,45 hektar pada 2004 menjadi 1510,02 hektar pada 2022. Uji korelasi menunjukkan hubungan positif signifikan antara luasan mangrove dan stabilitas garis pantai, meskipun faktor lain seperti dinamika arus dan gelombang juga turut memengaruhi.
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